This Minecraft potion chart covers every potion you can brew in Java Edition as of 26.3: the key ingredient, the base duration, and what redstone (longer) and glowstone (stronger) do to it. Nearly every recipe is the same two steps: brew nether wart into a water bottle to get an awkward potion, then add one ingredient from the chart below.
Everything here is the vanilla Java default. Java 26.3 made brewing recipes data-driven, so a server or data pack can change them; if a recipe doesn't match on your server, that's the first thing to check. Bedrock differs in a few places, noted near the end.
Brewing basics
- A brewing stand takes 20 seconds per brew and is fueled by blaze powder, which gives it 20 charges.
- Every potion starts from a water bottle: fill a glass bottle from a cauldron or a water source block.
- There is no recipe book for brewing, which is why a chart helps.
- The three bottle slots can hold different potions, and each gets the same modifier. Add gunpowder and all three become splash potions.
- Hoppers can feed a brewing stand.
26.3 also added a minecraft:brewing_fuel item data component describing which items work as stand fuel. The wiki's equipment table still lists blaze powder as the fuel, and that's what vanilla players use.
Minecraft potion recipes: the full chart
Durations are for the drinkable potion, as shown on the Minecraft Wiki's Brewing page. "Extended" is redstone dust; "enhanced" is glowstone dust. Unless the recipe column says otherwise, add the ingredient to an awkward potion. A dash means that modifier can't be applied.
| Potion | Recipe | Base | Extended (redstone) | Enhanced (glowstone) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healing | Glistering melon slice | Instant, 4 HP (2 hearts) | — | Healing II, 8 HP (4 hearts) |
| Fire Resistance | Magma cream (full guide) | 3:00 | 8:00 | — |
| Regeneration | Ghast tear | 0:45 | 1:30 | Regeneration II, about 0:22 |
| Strength | Blaze powder | 3:00 | 8:00 | Strength II, 1:30 |
| Swiftness | Sugar | 3:00 | 8:00 | Speed II, 1:30 |
| Night Vision | Golden carrot | 3:00 | 8:00 | — |
| Invisibility | Fermented spider eye on a Night Vision potion | 3:00 | 8:00 | — |
| Water Breathing | Pufferfish | 3:00 | 8:00 | — |
| Leaping | Rabbit's foot | 3:00 | 8:00 | Jump Boost II, 1:30 |
| Slow Falling | Phantom membrane | 1:30 | 4:00 | — |
| Turtle Master | Turtle shell | 0:20 (Slowness IV + Resistance III) | 0:40 | 0:20 (Slowness VI + Resistance IV) |
| Poison | Spider eye | 0:45 | 1:30 | Poison II, about 0:21 |
| Weakness | Fermented spider eye on a water bottle (full guide) | 1:30 | 4:00 | — |
| Harming | Fermented spider eye on a Healing or Poison potion | Instant, 6 HP (3 hearts) | — | Harming II, 12 HP (6 hearts) |
| Slowness | Fermented spider eye on a Swiftness or Leaping potion | 1:30 | 4:00 | Slowness IV, 0:20 |
| Wind Charging | Breeze rod | 3:00 | — | — |
| Weaving | Cobweb | 3:00 | — | — |
| Oozing | Slime block | 3:00 | — | — |
| Infestation | Stone | 3:00 | — | — |
Regeneration II and Poison II durations are rounded to what the in-game tooltip shows; the wiki's own pages disagree by fractions of a second. Potion of Luck (5:00) is not on the chart because it can't be brewed in Java; it only exists through commands or Creative.
What each potion actually does
- Strength adds 3 melee damage (Strength II: 6). Weakness subtracts 4.
- Swiftness adds 20% speed (II: 40%). Slowness removes 15% (IV: 60%).
- Leaping adds 50% jump height (II: 150%).
- Regeneration heals 1 HP every 2.5 seconds (II: every 1.25). Poison deals 1 HP every 1.25 seconds (II: every 0.6) but cannot kill, stopping at 1 HP.
- Turtle Master combines Slowness IV and Resistance III: 60% slower and 60% less damage taken. Enhanced, it is Slowness VI and Resistance IV: 90% slower, 80% less damage.
Undead mobs reverse Healing and Harming, and are unaffected by Poison and Regeneration.
The four 1.21 potions
Wind Charging, Weaving, Oozing and Infestation arrived in snapshot 24w13a. All four last 3:00, can't be extended or enhanced, and the potency level doesn't change what they do. They trigger on the affected mob's death or injury:
- Wind Charging: a burst of wind when the mob dies.
- Weaving: spawns 2–3 cobwebs when the mob dies, and the wiki lists a doubling of walking speed through cobwebs (25% to 50%).
- Oozing: two medium slimes spawn on death.
- Infestation: a 10% chance to spawn silverfish when the mob is hurt.
Modifiers: redstone, glowstone, spider eye, gunpowder
Redstone and glowstone
Redstone dust lengthens a potion; glowstone dust raises its level. You can't do both to the same potion. Extending usually makes a potion last 8/3 times as long, which is why 3:00 becomes 8:00. Enhancing usually trades duration for strength. The exceptions: Healing and Harming have no duration, so enhancing costs nothing, and Fire Resistance has no levels, so extending is free.
Fermented spider eye: corruption
Fermented spider eye usually flips a potion into its opposite or a negative version:
- Swiftness or Leaping becomes Slowness.
- Healing or Poison becomes Harming. Poison does not become Regeneration.
- Night Vision becomes Invisibility.
- Water bottle becomes Weakness, the one potion you can brew without nether wart.
A corrupted potion keeps the modifier of the one you started from, if the result supports it. Every corrupted potion except Harming can be extended, only Harming and Slowness can be enhanced, and in Java an enhanced Swiftness or Leaping potion can't be corrupted at all.
Splash, lingering and tipped arrows
Gunpowder turns a potion into a splash potion, with the same duration as the drinkable one. Dragon's breath turns a splash potion into a lingering potion, which lasts one-fourth as long (8:00 becomes 2:00). Both can still be extended, enhanced or corrupted like the drinkable form. Lingering potions can also be used to craft tipped arrows. As of 26.3, Potions of Luck can no longer be brewed into splash or lingering versions.
Base potions: awkward, mundane and thick
- Awkward: nether wart on a water bottle. The base for almost everything in the chart, and in Java the only base potion that can take an effect ingredient.
- Mundane: made by adding most effect ingredients (or redstone dust) straight to a water bottle. In Java it leads nowhere. Golden carrot, pufferfish, turtle shell and phantom membrane don't work for this.
- Thick: glowstone dust on a water bottle. In Java it is a dead end too.
Where to get the ingredients
This chart is about recipes, not sourcing. Two ingredient-adjacent notes: piglin bartering can hand you a Fire Resistance potion at roughly a 1.7% chance per trade (see piglin bartering), and our Fire Resistance guide walks through that brew in full.
FAQ
What are the ingredients for potions in Minecraft?
Nether wart and a water bottle for the base, one effect ingredient from the chart, then optional redstone, glowstone, fermented spider eye, gunpowder or dragon's breath. Blaze powder fuels the stand.
Can you make potions without nether wart?
Only Weakness: fermented spider eye plus a plain water bottle.
What is a mundane potion for?
In Java, nothing in brewing. It's a dead end like the thick potion.
Is this chart the same on Bedrock?
Mostly, with differences: extended Regeneration and Poison last 2:00 on Bedrock instead of 1:30, and Bedrock has extra Weakness bases. This page is Java only.
What are the best potions?
That's opinion, not data, but the usual utility picks are Fire Resistance, Healing, Swiftness, Night Vision and Water Breathing.
Are there new potions after 26.3?
This page is verified only for Java 26.3, and the vanilla wiki records no recipe, duration or level change across 26.1 to 26.3. Recheck after the next release.